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Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive female commercial sex workers (CSW) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 661 HIV-positive CSW receiving ART from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region′s municipal and county-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region CDC from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 were included.The demographic information of the patients, marital status, past medical history, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, medications, CD4 + T lymphocytes, virological and immunological effects after receiving ART for six to 12 months were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of virological failure and immunological failure of HIV-positive CSW after six to 12 months of ART. Results:Among 661 HIV-positive CSW, 50(7.6%) cases experienced virological failure, 80(12.1%) cases experienced immunological failure, and 13(2.0%) had both virological failure and immunological failure.There were 85 cases (12.9%) who had a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried (adjusted odds ratio (a OR)=3.298, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.285 to 8.461), AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART (a OR=4.391, 95% CI 1.555 to 12.402) and missed medications in the last seven days (a OR=3.731, 95% CI 1.942 to 7.166) were risk factors for virological failure. Compared with CD4 + T lymphocytes<200.00/μL at baseline, 350.00≤CD4 + T lymphocytes <500.00/μL (a OR=3.543, 95% CI 1.631 to 7.701) and CD4 + T lymphocytes≥500.00/μL (a OR=2.358, 95% CI 1.002 to 5.547) were risk factors for immunological failure. Conclusions:HIV-positive CSW in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region have a better treatment effect, with low rates of virological failure and immunological failure. Marital status, baseline CD4 + T lymphocyte counts, AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, and missed medication in the last seven days are factors influencing the effect of six to 12 months of ART.
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Objective@#To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017.@*Methods@#Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ2 test was used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182).@*Conclusions@#The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.
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Objective To understand the dynamic variation of BMI and influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in Liuzhou,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi).Methods HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART for the first time since 1 January 2013 were selected.Data on BMI was analyzed among patients receiving HAART at baseline,6 months and 12 months after treatment.By using the general linear model repeated measures of analysis of variance,BMI dynamic variations and influencing factors were described and analyzed.Results The average BMI of 2 871 patients at baseline,6th months and 12th months appeared as (20.65 ±3.32),(20.87 ± 3.22) and (21.18 ± 3.20),respectively,with differences all statistically significant (F=18.86,P＜0.001).BMI were increasing over time with treatments (F=37.25,P＜0.001).Main influencing factors were noticed as:age,sex,marital status,baseline data of CD4+T cells and the WHO classification on clinical stages.Conclusions Higher proportion of BMI malnutrition counts was seen among patients before receiving HAART in Liuzhou.BMI of the patients that were on HAART seemed being influenced by many factors.It is necessary to select appropriate treatment protocols on different patients so as to improve the nutritional status of the patients.
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Objective To understand the dynamic variation of BMI and influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in Liuzhou,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi).Methods HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART for the first time since 1 January 2013 were selected.Data on BMI was analyzed among patients receiving HAART at baseline,6 months and 12 months after treatment.By using the general linear model repeated measures of analysis of variance,BMI dynamic variations and influencing factors were described and analyzed.Results The average BMI of 2 871 patients at baseline,6th months and 12th months appeared as (20.65 ±3.32),(20.87 ± 3.22) and (21.18 ± 3.20),respectively,with differences all statistically significant (F=18.86,P＜0.001).BMI were increasing over time with treatments (F=37.25,P＜0.001).Main influencing factors were noticed as:age,sex,marital status,baseline data of CD4+T cells and the WHO classification on clinical stages.Conclusions Higher proportion of BMI malnutrition counts was seen among patients before receiving HAART in Liuzhou.BMI of the patients that were on HAART seemed being influenced by many factors.It is necessary to select appropriate treatment protocols on different patients so as to improve the nutritional status of the patients.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine for the treatment of functional constipation. Methods Ninety-three qi-deficiency functional constipation patients were evenly randomized into western medicine group, Chinese medicine group and combination group. The western medicine group was given oral use of Dupbalac, Chinese medicine group was given modified Buzhong Yiqi decoction, and the combination group was given abdominal acupuncture and oral use of modified Buzhong Yiqi decoction. The treatment of the three groups covered 3 months. After treatment, the therapeutic effect was evaluated accord ing to the symptom scores and the examination results of gastrointestinal kinetics. Results ( 1) The total effective rate for relieving symptoms was 100.00% in combination group, 90.32% in Chinese medicine group, and 38.71% in western medicine group, and the effect was the best in the combination group ( P<0.05). ( 2) The combination group had stronger effect on relieving dyskinesis of anal sphincter, rectal sensibility, colonic transportation than Chinese medicine group and western medicine group (P<0.05). Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine shows certain therapeutic effect for the treatment of qi-deficiency functional constipation, and the effect is superior to that of Chinese medicine or Dupbalac.
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Objective To compare the characteristics of liver damage in tsutsugamushi disease during different periods. Methods Group A contained 56 cases of tsutsugamushi disease admitted from January 1997 to December 2000,of which 21 cases were complicated by liver damage,while group B contained 80 cased of it admitted from January 2006 to December 2009,including 47 cases complicated by liver damage.Comparative analysis were conducted retrospectively for two groups in terms of liver damage. Results The average age of group A(41.1 ± 14.7)years was significantly lower than that of group B(52.9 ± 15.5)years(t=3.014,P <0.01); The incidences of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in group A were significantly higher than group B(x2=4.675、6.254,both P <0.05)whereas group B had significantly higher incidences of lack of appetite,abdominal distension and jaundice(all P ＜0.05);The values of various liver function in Group B were significantly higher than group A(all P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of tsutsugamushi disease is increasing in recent years and the liver damage is becoming more severe.
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0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of 10 mg?kg -1 m oxonidine on reduced blood pressure and heart rate in SHR is equal to the effect s of 1 mg?kg -1 clonidine after once large dose oral administration. T here is no significant difference between the moxonidine and clonidine of the sa me dose in reducing blood pressure after repeatedly small dose oral administrati on in SHR.